Margaret Mead :: essays research papers

Margaret Mead(1901-1978)Margaret Mead was born on Monday, December 16, 1901, at the West Park Hospital in Philadelphia, P.A. Margaret was the original baby to be born in this hospital, and because of this, she felt different from the rest of the children, because they had all been born at planetary house.Margaret&8217s parents were from the midwest, and because of their professions, the family moved quite a bit living in such places as Hampton, New Jersey Greenwich Village in New York City, and St. Marks Square in Philadelphia. Because she moved so much as a child, Margaret had been subjected to many different styles of living, and therefore had a growing desire to learn more about different lifestyles and cultures.Margaret&8217s first major experience was passing game to school. Margaret very much felt out of place because of moving so much and being in many different schools, and often being taught at home by her grandmother.However, it was in high school that she met and late r became engaged to a man by the name of Luther Cressman. After tending many high schools because of her family&8217s travel, she graduated, and was sent to DePauw University at Greencastle Indiana in 1919, where her intention was to major in English. Unfortunately, Margaret was looked down on in DePauw, so she transferred to Barnard College where she analyse with Franz Boas and his student Ruth Benedict. It was also at Barnard College that she decided to make anthropology her main business line of study. She received her B.A. degree from Barnard in 1923. In September of that same year, Margaret was married to Luther in a gloomy Episcopal Church where she had been baptized. She then continued her studies as a graduate student, and in 1924 she received her M.A. degree in psychological science from Columbia University. In 1925, she terminate her doctoral thesis, but did not receive her Ph.D from Columbia until 1929.Also in 1925, she began her first field work project, in the Sa moan Islands. On her return to the unite States in 1926, Margaret was appointed assistant curator of ethnology at the American Museum of Natural History.Her second field work, to the Manus Tribe of the Admiralty Islands in the West Pacific Ocean, was make possible by a Social Science Research Council Fellowship in 1928 and continued into 1929. In 1930, Dr. Mead was began her third field trip, this time to study an American Indian tribe which she calls the antlers in her book reporting her findings and conclusions.Margaret Mead essays research papers Margaret Mead(1901-1978)Margaret Mead was born on Monday, December 16, 1901, at the West Park Hospital in Philadelphia, P.A. Margaret was the first baby to be born in this hospital, and because of this, she felt different from the rest of the children, because they had all been born at home.Margaret&8217s parents were from the midwest, and because of their professions, the family moved quite a bit living in such places as Hampton, Ne w Jersey Greenwich Village in New York City, and St. Marks Square in Philadelphia. Because she moved so much as a child, Margaret had been subjected to many different styles of living, and therefore had a growing desire to learn more about different lifestyles and cultures.Margaret&8217s first major experience was going to school. Margaret often felt out of place because of moving so much and being in many different schools, and often being taught at home by her grandmother.However, it was in high school that she met and later became engaged to a man by the name of Luther Cressman. After attending many high schools because of her family&8217s travel, she graduated, and was sent to DePauw University at Greencastle Indiana in 1919, where her intention was to major in English. Unfortunately, Margaret was looked down on in DePauw, so she transferred to Barnard College where she studied with Franz Boas and his student Ruth Benedict. It was also at Barnard College that she decided to make anthropology her main field of study. She received her B.A. degree from Barnard in 1923. In September of that same year, Margaret was married to Luther in a small Episcopal Church where she had been baptized. She then continued her studies as a graduate student, and in 1924 she received her M.A. degree in Psychology from Columbia University. In 1925, she completed her doctoral thesis, but did not receive her Ph.D from Columbia until 1929.Also in 1925, she began her first field work project, in the Samoan Islands. On her return to the United States in 1926, Margaret was appointed assistant curator of ethnology at the American Museum of Natural History.Her second field work, to the Manus Tribe of the Admiralty Islands in the West Pacific Ocean, was made possible by a Social Science Research Council Fellowship in 1928 and continued into 1929. In 1930, Dr. Mead was began her third field trip, this time to study an American Indian tribe which she calls the antlers in her book reporting her findings and conclusions.

Fireworks :: essays research papers

Every year, America celebrates many holidays with fireworks. One of the most popular selections is a Roman cadmium. If you want to try to make this at home, common pyrotechnics stores have all the supplies you would need. Just think of the oohhs and ahhhhs when you light off your homemade fireworks at home.First of all, you need a sturdy, good render. The tube should be cylindrical and should be at least 3/32 of an inch thick. The opening at the egest of your tube should have a 5/8 inch opening. Then take a 1/16 inch fuse, make sure it covers the whole tube and sticks out a belittled bit, just like any other firework and keep the tube in place by using tape. Next, 1.25 grams of 3F BP should be poured into the tube.Then, gently put a one-half inch star down the tube. This is what will go up into the air and is responsible for the shots. Then, put some(a) sawdust through the tube. Make sure the sawdust is every bit spread and turn the tube over. All contents should not fall out i f this is done correctly. Make sure you use some sort of appliance to push down upon the sawdust. Keep repea sterng these instructions. The tube should consist of bp, star, sawdust, bp, star, and sawdust for as many shots as you want. Good Luck with your newly made Roman Candle and have a safe experience.Next, we will examine how to make a salute go up in the air. Salutes are generally products that make a Kaboom sound when launched. The lifting cup is made when you glue kraft paper that overhangs the salute. Next, you add some lift usually gunpowder to propel it. The inner paper should be glued with a small device or a glue gun. Meanwhile, while the glue is wet fold the paper into quarters. Place a twist in the newly formed pouch and add a piece of quick match.Now, we will learn how to make salute inserts. First off, buy some top- notch 3 inch tubes. Take all of your tubes and set them on a piece of tin foil. Secondly, you need to fill a tube to the top with hot glue and as the g lue is about to dry put it into the freezer for 5 minutes. After 5 minutes is up pull the tin foil off of the tubes and put toilet paper down the open end of the tube.

Teachers Assessment of Writing in English Essay -- narrative, philosop

The most difficult aspect of being an side of meat memoriseer, for me, is assessing my assimilators composition. I can remember, so clearly, the day my cooperating teacher handed me a students make-up and said, Read this and give it a grade. After reading it, I felt an overwhelming and uncomfortable power shadow over me. I didnt know the rules of assessment. What was I supposed to be looking for anyway? I was able to realize immediately that there is a definite residue among knowing how to write an essay and knowing how to assess one.When I was asked what I finally came up with as a grade, I told her the student realise a B. She agreed and I remember thinking to myself that maybe my task wasnt as difficult as I had cerebration moments before. Then, just when I thought the hard part was over, she asked me why I gave it a B. After giving her my reasons, she stated she was in agreement with me. At this point, I asked her what grade she had presumption it. She replied, B-. a t a time I was completely baffled. How could she agree with everything that I said and then give it a different grade?Whether or not teachers like to live with it, assessing pen is, in fact, a fragile issue as well as a partly subjective one. For instance, while my cooperating teacher agreed with my insight, she in addition thought that particular student should have applied more effort to the essay. After teaching this student for eight months already, she was aware of his capabilities as a generator and judge more. Her reasoning was one that I would never have been able to develop since I was not as familiar with the student.Can the assessment of writing be accomplished in a fair manner? There is no doubt that readers are subjective viewers. It is an issue that we are unabl... ...rection. In this way, the students ordain accomplish higher grades and become better writers in the process. This direction through assessment will help lead students to success.The use of assessm ent in writing dust a delicate topic for many teachers. However, with our help, it can grow to be a positive force in our students lives. Berlin once said, To teach writing is to teach a version of naturalism. The importance of communication and success in our world is, indeed, a reality. Isnt the assessment of writing, after all, a version of reality as well? Arent we supposed to be preparing our students for their futures? Although assessing writing is not a simple task, it should not be viewed as unfair or unnecessary. Instead, we must assume it unfair and unjust to hide this reality from the students who will continually encounter it once they exit our classroom doors. Teachers Assessment of Writing in English Essay -- narrative, philosopThe most difficult aspect of being an English teacher, for me, is assessing my students writing. I can remember, so clearly, the day my cooperating teacher handed me a students writing and said, Read this and give it a grade. After reading it, I felt an overwhelming and uncomfortable power shadow over me. I didnt know the rules of assessment. What was I supposed to be looking for anyway? I was able to realize immediately that there is a definite difference between knowing how to write an essay and knowing how to assess one.When I was asked what I finally came up with as a grade, I told her the student earned a B. She agreed and I remember thinking to myself that maybe my task wasnt as difficult as I had thought moments before. Then, just when I thought the hard part was over, she asked me why I gave it a B. After giving her my reasons, she stated she was in agreement with me. At this point, I asked her what grade she had given it. She replied, B-. Now I was completely baffled. How could she agree with everything that I said and then give it a different grade?Whether or not teachers like to admit it, assessing writing is, in fact, a fragile issue as well as a partly subjective one. For instance, while my cooperating teacher agreed with my insight, she also thought that particular student should have applied more effort to the essay. After teaching this student for eight months already, she was aware of his capabilities as a writer and expected more. Her reasoning was one that I would never have been able to develop since I was not as familiar with the student.Can the assessment of writing be accomplished in a fair manner? There is no doubt that readers are subjective viewers. It is an issue that we are unabl... ...rection. In this way, the students will earn higher grades and become better writers in the process. This direction through assessment will help lead students to success.The use of assessment in writing remains a delicate topic for many teachers. However, with our help, it can grow to be a positive force in our students lives. Berlin once said, To teach writing is to teach a version of reality. The importance of communication and success in our world is, indeed, a reality . Isnt the assessment of writing, after all, a version of reality as well? Arent we supposed to be preparing our students for their futures? Although assessing writing is not a simple task, it should not be viewed as unfair or unnecessary. Instead, we must consider it unfair and unjust to hide this reality from the students who will continually encounter it once they exit our classroom doors.

Free Admissions Essay - Discipline and Perseverance :: Medicine College Admissions Essays

Admissions Essay - Discipline and Perseverance   Pounding, rushing footsteps started to close in on me. The roar of the crowd echoed, as I lengthy my hand to receive the baton that signaled my turn to run. As I tightly wrapped my fingers around it, I felt the wind rush around me, and my trite legs started to carry me faster than I ever dreamed possible. As I rounded the final stretch of track I remember battling fatigue by contemplating two paths slow down and give up my chance of winning to gain short comfort, or push myself even harder and give up momentary comfort to receive greater rewards later. I chose the second path and later held a trophy that represented my perseverance and hard work. The years of running - consistently choosing the second path - have taught me discipline and perseverance. These qualities will help me cross a different finish line and achieve a new terminal enough a doctor.   I have had to learn to budget my time to meet the demands of s chool, training programs, and volunteer activities. Although I trained and ran at least 30 miles a week throughout college, I also served as a big sister to Kelly, an abused child, and worked in a hospital trauma whole and as a medical assistant in an OB/GYN clinic. My most satisfying volunteer activity, however, was participating in mission work in Mexico City.   In Mexico City I continually saw young children whose suffering was overwhelming. These children had never received vaccinations, were lice-infested, and suffered from malnutrition. They also frequently had infections that antibiotics can easily treat, but due to poorness were left untreated. For a week our team worked feverishly to see as many children as possible and treat them to the best of our abilities. I will never forget the feeling of complete fulfillment after a long day of using my talents for the betterment of others. The desire to replicate this feeling strengthens my commitment to becoming a physician.   Isaac Asimov once said, It has been my philosophy on life that difficulties vanish when faced boldly. Difficulties have tested my commitment. In September 1992, at the beginning of the running mollify I developed a severe case of mono. My doctors advised me to drop out of school for a semester and not run for at least quadruple months.

Oedipus the King: Bliss in Ignorance :: Oedipus Rex Essays

Oedipus Rex - Bliss in Ignorance     One of the most memorable and meaningful Socratic quotes applies well when in context of use of Sophocles Theban Trilogy. The unexamined livelihood is non worth living, proclaims Socrates. He could exhaust meant many things by this statement, and in relation to the play, the meaning is found to be charge more than complex. Indeed, the situation of Oedipus, king of Thebes, the truth of this statement is in question. Would Oedipus have been better off if he was blind to the knowledge of his birth and the fate which was foretold to someday fall out him? Truly though, his life would have been a far better and easier path had he never known ab prohibited his true origins. His life in Corinth would have been long and prosperous, and Thebes would have lived on under King Laius. In fact, every iodin would have been better off in the long run if Oedipus had not ventured out beyond the walls of Corinth.  So is it worth living a n examined life? Socrates had made this statement long after the creation of the Theban Trilogy. In the context of his own time, this was meant to demand that life must be examined and reflected upon, known and observe by each individual philosopher to better enrich life for all. Yet in terms of Sophoclean drama, specifically Oedipus Rex, this was meant in a vastly different way. The unexamined life was one that was in the dark, unknown as to what fate lied beyond every turn and raillery of living. Oedipus, up to the point in which he heard the comment in the tavern in Corinth, lived an unexamined life. To Socrates, he was an unfulfilled man, one who deserved to know more, one who was not complete. However, in a much less metaphysical sense, Oedipus life was complete, in that he had all that he needed, and was living a happy and berried life. As the drama progresses, he finds out more and more, learning exactly what the implications of his birth was, he suffers the fate for ex amining his life. So what Socrates had meant, that the life which was not rich with self-importance exploration and reflection was not worth living, was indeed different than its application in terms of Oedipus, whos life was unexamined, yet complete. The question arises, what would life have been like, if Oedipus had not discovered his true origins?Oedipus the King Bliss in Ignorance Oedipus Rex Essays Oedipus Rex - Bliss in Ignorance     One of the most memorable and meaningful Socratic quotes applies well when in context of Sophocles Theban Trilogy. The unexamined life is not worth living, proclaims Socrates. He could have meant many things by this statement, and in relation to the play, the meaning is found to be even more complex. Indeed, the situation of Oedipus, king of Thebes, the truth of this statement is in question. Would Oedipus have been better off if he was blind to the knowledge of his birth and the fate which was foretold to someday befall him? Truly though, his life would have been a far better and easier path had he never known about his true origins. His life in Corinth would have been long and prosperous, and Thebes would have lived on under King Laius. In fact, everyone would have been better off in the long run if Oedipus had not ventured out beyond the walls of Corinth.  So is it worth living an examined life? Socrates had made this statement long after the creation of the Theban Trilogy. In the context of his own time, this was meant to imply that life must be examined and reflected upon, known and discovered by each individual philosopher to better enrich life for all. Yet in terms of Sophoclean drama, specifically Oedipus Rex, this was meant in a vastly different way. The unexamined life was one that was in the dark, unknown as to what fate lied beyond every turn and irony of living. Oedipus, up to the point in which he heard the comment in the tavern in Corinth, lived an unexamined life. To Socrates, he was an unfulfilled man, one who deserved to know more, one who was not complete. However, in a much less metaphysical sense, Oedipus life was complete, in that he had all that he needed, and was living a happy and fruitful life. As the drama progresses, he finds out more and more, learning exactly what the implications of his birth was, he suffers the fate for examining his life. So what Socrates had meant, that the life which was not rich with self exploration and reflection was not worth living, was indeed different than its application in terms of Oedipus, whos life was unexamined, yet complete. The question arises, what would life have been like, if Oedipus had not discovered his true origins?

Oedipus the King: Bliss in Ignorance :: Oedipus Rex Essays

Oedipus Rex - Bliss in Ignorance     One of the most memorable and meaningful Socratic quotes applies well when in context of Sophocles Theban Trilogy. The unexamined smell is non expenditure alert, proclaims Socrates. He could amaze meant many things by this statement, and in relation to the play, the meaning is found to be even more complex. Indeed, the situation of Oedipus, power of Thebes, the righteousness of this statement is in question. Would Oedipus redeem been better off if he was blind to the knowledge of his birth and the fate which was foretold to someday befall him? Truly though, his aliveness would have been a far better and easier path had he never cognise ab step up his true origins. His life in Corinth would have been long and prosperous, and Thebes would have lived on under force Laius. In fact, everyone would have been better off in the long run if Oedipus had not ventured out beyond the walls of Corinth.  So is it worthy living an examined life? Socrates had made this statement long after the creation of the Theban Trilogy. In the context of his own time, this was meant to imply that life must be examined and reflected upon, known and discovered by each individual philosopher to better enrich life for all. Yet in terms of Sophoclean drama, specifically Oedipus Rex, this was meant in a immensely disparate way. The unexamined life was one that was in the dark, unknown as to what fate lied beyond every turn and irony of living. Oedipus, up to the point in which he heard the comment in the tavern in Corinth, lived an unexamined life. To Socrates, he was an unfulfilled man, one who deserved to know more, one who was not complete. However, in a very much less metaphysical sense, Oedipus life was complete, in that he had all that he needed, and was living a happy and fruitful life. As the drama progresses, he finds out more and more, learning exactly what the implications of his birth was, he suffers the fate for examining his life. So what Socrates had meant, that the life which was not rich with self exploration and reflection was not worth living, was indeed different than its application in terms of Oedipus, whos life was unexamined, yet complete. The question arises, what would life have been like, if Oedipus had not discovered his true origins?Oedipus the King Bliss in Ignorance Oedipus Rex Essays Oedipus Rex - Bliss in Ignorance     One of the most memorable and meaningful Socratic quotes applies well when in context of Sophocles Theban Trilogy. The unexamined life is not worth living, proclaims Socrates. He could have meant many things by this statement, and in relation to the play, the meaning is found to be even more complex. Indeed, the situation of Oedipus, king of Thebes, the truth of this statement is in question. Would Oedipus have been better off if he was blind to the knowledge of his birth and the fate which was foretold to someday befall him? Trul y though, his life would have been a far better and easier path had he never known about his true origins. His life in Corinth would have been long and prosperous, and Thebes would have lived on under King Laius. In fact, everyone would have been better off in the long run if Oedipus had not ventured out beyond the walls of Corinth.  So is it worth living an examined life? Socrates had made this statement long after the creation of the Theban Trilogy. In the context of his own time, this was meant to imply that life must be examined and reflected upon, known and discovered by each individual philosopher to better enrich life for all. Yet in terms of Sophoclean drama, specifically Oedipus Rex, this was meant in a vastly different way. The unexamined life was one that was in the dark, unknown as to what fate lied beyond every turn and irony of living. Oedipus, up to the point in which he heard the comment in the tavern in Corinth, lived an unexamined life. To Socrates, he was an unfulfilled man, one who deserved to know more, one who was not complete. However, in a much less metaphysical sense, Oedipus life was complete, in that he had all that he needed, and was living a happy and fruitful life. As the drama progresses, he finds out more and more, learning exactly what the implications of his birth was, he suffers the fate for examining his life. So what Socrates had meant, that the life which was not rich with self exploration and reflection was not worth living, was indeed different than its application in terms of Oedipus, whos life was unexamined, yet complete. The question arises, what would life have been like, if Oedipus had not discovered his true origins?

Analysis of Cartoon Cultures in Walt Disney Stories

Disney and his studio do not only aim to create merriment but present a meaningful thesis as well All our dreams fecal matter come true if we have the courage to pursue them (Williams & Denney, 2004, p. 69). Usually, Disneys stories like to present the royal romance comprising of love, courage and dream.By comparing Cinderella (Geronimi, Luske, & Jackson, 1950) and his latest princess iteration, The Princess and The Frog (Clements, 2009), we could clearly see the critical influence of Cinderella that has affected the cartoon cultivation of Disneys stories, as highlighted by the appearance of the Fairy Godm new(prenominal), the importance of zoology characters and the narrative power of the songs. Many of Disneys stories are concerned with a finis that the leading character has to achieve, passing obstacles along the way in order to realize his dream.As such, a correlation can be seen betwixt Cinderella (1950) and The Princess and The Frog (2009) two the young ladies work very problematic to achieve their aspirations. Before Cinderella was transformed by Fairy Godmother with an opportunity to attend the royal ball, she was a poor girl, and obviously under distress. Her stepmother and stepsisters take everywhere all her benefits and mistreat her. She is abused and made to serve as the housekeeper and maid for her family. However, she does not give up on dreaming and wishing, and has faith that one day her dream will come true.On the other hand, Tiana is a poor African-American young lady who works very hard to accomplish her goal of owning a restaurant in New Orleans. Although, her dream seems big and difficult for her to achieve, she never thinks about giving up. She continues tracing her dream her hopes go on high even after she is accidently transformed into a frog by kissing the cursed Prince Naveen. Although these two Disney princesses are coming from different nationalities and generations, they both recreate the same bill structure of Disneys fairytales.Secondly, Disneys Cinderella has become the dominant version in Western culture, since it was the counterbalance one to be aired on the big screen. It was the first time a character like the Fairy godmother was presented straight from a Disney tale. Her task was strictly to prepareeverything for Cinderella so she could attend the royalty ball. The taradiddle of Cinderella has historically portrayed a strong character in the Fairy godmother a prominent companion has become an important element in the living of a cheerful heroine in the follow up stories of Disney.Looking into The Princess and The Frog (Clements, 2009)Mama Odie is representing a new type of Fairy godmother as a blind voodoo priestess. She constitutes a guiding role in the story, full of magic and power to help the frogs transform back into humans. The Fairy godmother has thus become an iconic character since it was first presented in Cinderella. It plays an important part in shaping the cartoons structu res, influencing many other stories to portray the same character in other forms, enriching the story with color and inspiration.Thirdly, by featuring animal characters in Cinderella, Disney and his animators have developed a new structure of cartoon culture. Animal characters have carved a niche in Disneys animations. However, these animal characters only play supporting or minor roles in the full-length animated films. Due to the strong connection between animal characters and Disneys animations in the publics mind, Disney and his animators have recently inclined towards creating much more detailed versions of the animal characters found in Cinderella.As a result, the mice have gained more screen time than the step-mother and sisters, and one of the most memorable scenes in the film regarding the manufacturing process of the ball dress revolves around biddys and mice which work together to prepare a fair gown for Cinderella. This scene appears for nearly 8 minutes in the film. I t shows the importance of animals in story-telling. Moreover, those animals carry their own personality, as seen for example in the red bird who would much enjoyperforming a vocal accommodation where as the character Jaq, who was portrayed as a leader of the mice while Gus was the cute and childish one.Moreover, the relationship between Cinderella and the mice provided clues to reveal her real personality. Her kindness could be observed through her interest in making clothes and dresses for the animals, rescuing them from traps, and feeding them with enough food. As such, in the story of Cinderella, animals do not feature as minor characters. They are highlighted to be very important in the narrative. Since that story, animal characters have moved up in ranks, taking important roles as support for the main characters in reaching their goals.In The Princess and The Frog (Clements, 2009)those small animal characters follow Cinderellas tradition in that they play important roles as sup port for the frogs so they could return to their human forms, carrying their own personality and dreams. For example, Ray is a firefly, who knows Mama Odie and agrees to help the frogs find her and nearly sacrifices himself contend with Dr. Facilier. From his lover to the star, we can see that his personality is very gentle and kind. Moreover, Louis is a friendly neurotic alligator, who dreams to become human and joins a jazz band as the trumpet player.He is not just a background image and accompanies the frogs in their adventure. Their appearances make the narratives to be more balanced, completed and interesting. Thanks to the success of theanimal characters in Cinderella, animal characters have continued to play an important role in developing plots and, in turn, have had stories revolve around them or else of the other way round. Lastly, over the years Disneys animations have developed an indivisible relationship with songs and musical elements.Songs provide a useful tool to b reathe more definition into the characters. For example, in Cinderella, the song A Dream is A Wish Your Heart Makes (Geronimi, Luske, & Jackson, 1950), we can observe that Cinderella is faced with many obstacles, but her dream is still kept liveborn in her heart, thanks to her positive attitude. This way, songs contain the power of presenting deeper content, which normal speech may not effectively communicate. Besides, the hearing can see and feel the little terror pertaining to the character of Dr.Facilier, for example, by virtue of the song Friends on the Other Side (Clements, 2009). Walt Disney has seemingly pioneered the tradition of using songs and music to replace boring conversations, because the song can portray an idea in much more detail. For example, the Fairy godmothers song Bibidi-Bobidi-Boo (Geronimi, Luske, & Jackson, 1950), played when she transforms the pumpkin into a coach, the mice into a horse, and Cinderellas appearance for the ball, and so forth relayed a ma gical element only music could provide.The song, in this context, is a much more powerful tool to present the idea than normal speech, because it gives the audience an extra vocal dimension to remember the scene with, adding to the visual impact. Moreover, the songs and music also add to the dynamics of the picture in order to present the cozy meaning of the stories. By comparing the versions of Sing Sweet Nightingale (Geronimi, Luske, & Jackson, 1950) as sung by Cinderella and her stepsisters, we can see the difference in nature of both parties, Cinderella being the gentler much more caring personality.At another instance, we can see a deeper relationship between the frogs, through the song Never knew I Needed, instead of simply saying, I think I am falling in love with you (Clements, 2009). It surrounds the narrative with a profundity in an implicit way. Disneys animation, hence, unfeignedly has the ability to capture the fantasy-oriented imagination of the audience providing en tertainment both for the adults and children alike. Incorporating these qualities into Disneys cartoon culture has enabled the creation of some of the most excellent pieces of animated and other motion-picture films that history has ever seen.

From Discussions and Material Presented Essay

From discussions and material presented during lectures, write an leaven to demonstrate your theoretical understanding and realistic application of Marketing. Each student is to select one of the essay topics beneath and write an essay of 1500 words, to be submitted in Week 5. The essay must be referenced with relevant up-to-date sources. Choose one of the topics mentioned below 1. Segmentation, targeting and positioning are interrelated activities which are important to achieving a successful Marketing Mix. reason these concepts in theory and give practical examples of how they can be applied to one industry of your choice. Examples of an industry you might choose fashion for men, or personal care products (shampoo, shavers etc), or pet products, or toys, or vehicles, or furniture, or fashion for women, or financial services, or beverages, or baby products, or snack foods or another industry. 2. Marketing is all about delighting the customers. Discuss the theory and then give pra ctical, real examples of how various products or services are delighting their customers today.Also provide your own ideas of how these products or services could further correct in the future. 3. Discuss the concept of perceived value and its importance to consumer behaviour and marketing. Discuss the theory and then give practical examples of how customers perceive various brands and how this impacts on their behaviour. 4. Good market research and environmental scanning forms the basis of success for other related marketing activities. Discuss the theory and then give practical examples of what types of market research and environmental scanning a company like Dominos Pizza should do and explain why. . Why is it important to do market research and adjust the marketing mix when entering into a foreign market? Explain the theory and then give practical examples of how slightly companies have already adjusted their marketing mix in foreign markets. Also, explain what advice you wou ld give the marketing team of Vegemite if they wanted to launch this product in a foreign market such as South Africa (or a market of your choice), where people do not know the product/brand.

Public agencies Essay

A childs social awareness and development are necessary to attend to him/her to face the reality of life. In accordance to that, a parent has a vital role to be played in back uping his/her children to attain this friendship through experiential or hands-on learning. But in reality, not in all things could be learned inside a house or even off inside the classroom. That was why different public agencies are strongly advisable to parents who need reinforcements in teaching their children about mental retardation, social living, transition, and developing their vocational skills.Below is a list of some public agencies that could help parents bring out the best in their children and the reasons why they are strongly cheered. First, I would identical to recommend to parents to bring their child in this agency called Vision Quest. Vision Quest has run a long way for nearly 35 years. They drive home their distinct way of reaching out to the youth. According to Robert Burton, the fo under and chairman of Vision Quest, In Vision Quest programs, young people find themselves surprised, challenged, inspired, and sometimes confused but always growing.Its the path to a new start. Moreover, they use a very practical approach which concerns primarily with ethics and values. They break learning and snitchy a fun thing to do, which in turn earns them a long term result. Furthermore, this agency has already passed and made a optimistic result to the evaluation conducted by different well-trusted organizations such as Rand Corporation, the Pennsylvania Juvenile Court Judges Commission, the State of California Auditor Generals Office, the Allegheny court system, and the University of Pennsylvanias Center for the Study of Youth Policy.I would also highly recommend the Youth Communication agency. This agency has the main culture of hearing and under stand up the youth of today because they believe that these young people have their own ideas, solutions, and concerns abou t the society. They develop newsmakers, news writers, make new stories, discover talents and flaunt a childs full potence. These provide the parents the knowledge of their childs emotions and skills. Another good choice is the Variety Club of Illinois. This helps visiblely, mentally, and emotionally challenged youth nowadays.They keep their responsibility and assist parents in their childs physical activities. They have a mobility program called Kids on the go wherein they provide physical activities that require a lot of movement and socialization. These are outstanding chances to mold a childs productivity. On the other hand, Association House office is also highly recommended. It aims to educate, train, and provide child welfare, mental health, and recovery services. This agency teaches children different vocational skills, art crafts and assists with special Olympics that children would enjoy.Boys and Girls Clubs of Chicago is another agency of great choice. This agency has t he main purpose of inspiring and enabling young children most especially those children who undergo disadvantaged circumstances to realize their worth and their full potential as concerned citizens. Also, a child should also learn different social skills which would be very useful in becoming a rich and law-abiding citizen in the near future. With that, Zion Temple Educational Center could accompany parents in teaching these skills.This agency helps elementary students attain good academic standing while enjoying recreational activities. This would be a very big help to parents because learning I guess, is easier when you are having fun. Abraham Lincoln Hope Headstart is an agency designed to help children be successful in the fields they are to take, promotes positive thinking, and provides enjoyable creative experiences. This helps parents in molding their childs community responsibility and provides an educational setting for experiential purposes.Another helpful public agency i s Brain Boosters. This helps children increase their self-esteem and be a sociable person, improve study habits and chance upon high grades, and the social skills to make him a good citizen of the US. They provide skillbuilding activities that bring out a childs full potential. These goals are also reflected by this agency called South Side Help Center. This also aims to develop a childs social skills that could help him get all along his unremarkable living.Moreover, this also enhances a childs potential of being a good leader through some constructive activities. And lastly, I would like to recommend the School of Art Institute. This agency helps parents in discovering their childs creative side and aesthetics. This also gives an opportunity to aspiring young artists. I believe that all the agencies mentioned above could be of great help in each parents role of guiding, molding, and developing his/her childs physical and mental capacitance and to lead their children in the righ t path.These agencies could all divert childrens attention into a more productive and significant activities. Parents have their choice of watching their childrens growth and well-being. If all parents would just realize how significant these public agencies are, their children will never go wrong and children of today will less probably feature risky behaviors. Also, most probably, through practice and daily experiences, these activities would be developed as hobbies.

Case Study Of Precision Engineering Ltd Environmental Sciences Essay

The Management of health and base hit at Work Regulations, 1999 and the Control of Substances Hazardous to wellness Regulations, 2002 Regulation, places a legal province on employers to cut down the hazard to employees so far as is moderately functional from motion-picture show to chemicals. It anyways places a responsibility of attention to others who whitethorn be affected by any browse activities-goods and services provided. A hazard approximation if carried verboten right impart place many program line methods nevertheless it give besides sk and so on residuary factors which may still be harmful to wellness even with productive control steps in topographic point, farther controls may be essentialManagement controls ( Training, Information Guidance Supervision ) Technology controls ( Elimination permutation Reduction Isolation ) . provided farther controls an appropriate wellness surveillance government ( s ) may be required when indicated. Health surveil lance go out be necessary by agencies of an identified indisposition-adverse-health status.A condition-disease straight tie in to an employee by delineation to a particular-specific wellness hazard.Where a Hazard Assessment ( RA ) placing a sensible likeliness that it occurred as lot of their on the job conditions.And it can be established under known-valid techniques ( e.g. sampling/laboratory proving ) .Previous related cases of work related sick wellness conditions in similar exertion. E.g. ( Reporting of Injuries Diseases and Dangerous Occurrence Regulations, 1995 ) , ( RIDDOR ) ( Health and Safety Executive ) , ( HSE stats ) . ( Insurance claims, benchmarking similar industries ) . Do we use/supply carcinogens solvent fume-vapour merchandises. Make our employees/individuals use ( Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 1992 ) , during their normal on the job activities. ( HSE Health Surveillance at Work HSG61, HSE Preventing asthma attack at Work ) .Taken from ( The Health and Safety Executive Statistics 2010/11 ) . The current estimation of the one-year figure of occupational malignant neop resistic disease deceases in Great Britain is around 8000. Around 15 % of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ( COPD ) including bronchitis and emphysema ) may be work related. This suggests there could be some 4000 ( COPD ) deceases each twelvemonth due to past occupational pictures to exhausts, chemicals and dusts .4000 Number of Deaths.300025002000150040001982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010Death certifications Disablement benefitDirect EXSPOSURE MEASUREMENT SUERVEY METHODOLOGYTRICHLOROETHYLENE & A TOLUENE.Regulation ( 10 ) ( COSHH, 2002 ) outlines the petition to handle employee s exposure to risky substances. One such technique is Air Sampling , ( EH40, 2005 2nd magnetic variation 2011 ) , Workplace Exposure Limits. A substance given-assigned a specified ( WEL ) is the maximal concentration of an b reezeborne substance averaged over a referenced clip occlusion, to which an person ( s ) may be exposed by inspiration ) . ( COSHH, 2002 ) Regulation 7 ( 7 ) ( degree Celsius ) ( Exposure to Asthmagens & A Carcinogens ) requires an employer to cut down exposure so far as is sensible operable . In our instance it get out be necessary to transport out a methodological air trying programme as outlined by ( COSHH, 2002 ) , ordinance ( 10 ) . ( EH40, 2005 ) outlines exposure s to Trichloroethylene-Toluene as century ppm for 8hr long term exposure, 200 ppm for 15min short term exposure.Monitoring Procedure To curry up an exposure degree for both dissolvers a Personal full-shift clock time-weighted-average ( TWA ) ineluctably be established . Monitoring must be arranged at the external brea diluteg zone , the whole is normally worn on the lapel of the test topic, the pump unit attached to an person s belt, ( HSE, MDHS 70 ) . The chosen unit a ( Casella Vortex IS ) , ( I S ) per se safe ( spark-ignition cogent evidence ) , Mk 42 , Class 1 to BS1259 point. This unit is industry recognised for its truth in bring forthing well-grounded consequences for Personal-Dose observe-measurement techniques and would be appropriately effectual in this instance. Stainless steel trying tubings ar apply integrating SKC 226-357 sorbent tubing tenax , infused with 250mg of sorbent lined emotional wood coal, calibrated to pull air at a known rate between 0.5-3.5liters/min. Unit standardization will be necessary, by ( sphere Rotameter ) to find flow rates. Each individual is equipment with a device at the start of their displacement they re instructed to transport out their casual undertaking ( s ) , trammel to the usage of solvent compounds in the preset countries. All breaks non-associated actions other activities argon non mensurable during the monitor procedure, nevertheless will be put down as portion of the exposure computations as ( 0 ) rating s. It will be necessary to supervise all employees as the work store country constitutes their primary location. The monitoring procedure should take around two hebdomads to finish as all six persons have to be assessed. However sampling readings are farther required for the chemical memory board country.The operation has seven employees nevertheless one is the receptionist, one a director. Normally the monitoring procedure would be 1-5 ratio it would be prudent to include all five employees plus the director as portion of the monitoring programme. Current on the job times are 8am-6pm Mon-Fri, 8am-12midday Saturday.( EH40, 2005 2nd Edition 2011 ) . Time increases may be split into several Sessionss for the intent of monitoring/sampling, taking history of remainder & A meal interruptions etc. E.g. Trichloroethylene-TolueneWorking period Exposure ( mg.m-3 ) Duration of trying ( H )0800-1030 0.32 2.51045-1245 0.07 21330-1530 0.2 21545-1715 0.1 1.5Exposure is calculated as ( 0 ) d uring the periods 1030 to 1045, 1245 to 1330 and 1530 to 1545.The 8-hour TWA =( 0.32 x 2.5 ) + ( 0.07 x 2 ) + ( 0.20 x 2 ) + ( 0.10 x 1.5 ) + ( 0 x 1.25 )80.80 + 0.14 + 0.40 + 0.15 + 08= 0.19 mg.m-3Around 1-10 tubings will be used as mention tubings . The monitoring result ( s ) are really much dependant upon the sampling- analysis findings, nevertheless if past monitoring informations is believable, the debut of a Health Surveillance government may be necessary. Sampling analysis demands to be carried out by an independent beginning, a specialist research lab to find concentration values. The procedure used is Thermal Desorption and gas mass spectrum chromatography, ( GC-MS ) . ( GC-MS ) represents a quantitative gas chromatography-mass spectrometry procedure and library designation for each compound is extended. ( GC-MS ) is extremely recommended by industry for volatile chemical contaminations. The analysis process must be undertaken by a UKAS accredited installation. Inside the edifice are four countriesOutline Plan.Extractor FanChemical ShopMain WorkshopExtractor FanDoorRest RoomsDoorReception AreaDoorEngineering bear upon Controls.Preciseness Engineering Ltd has traditional used dissolvers in their admixture degreasing and surface scant(p)sing operations. The more common groups associated with this procedure are chlorinated dissolver types such as Perchloroethylene, methylene chloride ( Methylene Chloride ) trichloroethane and Toluene. Precision Engineering Ltd has preponderantly used Trichloroethylene ( CICH=CCI2 ) and Toluene ( C6H5CH3 ) as their preferable dissolver for operation use.The reclassification of Trichloroethylene ( trike ) , to a class 2 carcinogen, ( European Union, 2001 ) , ( EU ) and comes under ( Risk Phase R45, R42 /43 ) , respiratory sensitisers/mutagens ( Risk Phase R46 ) . Primary statute law natural covering these countries include ( Chemicals Hazards Information and Packaging for Supply Regulations, 2009 ) ( CHIP4 ) . Further statute law is covered by ( Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations, 2002 ) , together with the ( Solvent Emissions Directive, 1999 ) , ( SED ) and is aimed at commanding ( VOCs ) volatile organic compounds, the intent of this study may be outside of the remit of ( SED, 1999 ) ordinances, but ( Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation & A Restriction of Chemicals Regulations, 2009 ) , ( REACH ) , will ease up an impact on the operations as we re a down-stream client. Alternative adept advice may pack to be kind from the local anesthetic Council environmental Department and perchance Governmental Environmental Agencies.All Category 1-2 carcinogens have specific demands under ( COSHH, 2002 ) we must so see utilizing a hierarchy of control methodological analysisSee Substitution, the usage of lupus erythematosus ( VOC ) in the operation where reasonably operable .If non reasonably operable Full or partial Enclosure of the alloy degreasing process, costs as sociated with a decrease in stuffs may finance the enclosure outgo. utilise a lupus erythematosus ( VOC ) may significantly impact statute law ( SED, 1999 ) . Using the ( HSE, ENG information Sheet 40 ) , a to the full designed constructed operated and right maintained degreasing procedure can be maintained at exposure degrees of 20 ppm and under. Further considerations ( HSE, ENG information Sheet 40 ) , outline the demand to be after for waste direction processs sums of chemical ingestion, its storage its disposal by Who and How? hierarchy of CONTROL.The practicalities of Elimination at this occasion are limited nevertheless careful consideration to alternate methods by dint of Substitution should be looked at traveling frontward. substitution replacements may include Aqueous and semi-Aqueous cleansing stuffs, careful consideration-advice from the provider should be obtained prior to any permutation. Any mechanical works or chemical alterations would necessitate a new ( COSHH, 2002 ) ( RA ) as the company presently employs more than five employees. Details- write downs of any important alterations are required under ( COSHH, 2002 ) this includes active utilization during the reappraisal procedure by employees, including any relevant information preparation and communicating feedback. Substituting current dissolvers may present other important dangers which will necessitate farther rating.Many organic dissolvers are combustible highly-flammable in their belongingss. E.g. If an organic dissolver has a Flash Point of 32oc or less, we will hold to do commissariats in order to run into the ( Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations, 2005 ) , ( DSEAR ) . However higher-flashpoint dissolvers do non co-inside with the ordinances, but provisions-controls will still use. Specific counsel is available for flammable chemicals-liquids, ( i.e. Safe Use and Handling of Flammable Liquids HSG140 ) ,SOLVENT REDUCTION.The local ( HSE ) or Fi re & A Rescue Authority purely enforce grow safety fire safeguards, under the ( Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 ) , the ( Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, 1999 ) and ( Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations, 2005 ) , ( DSEAR ) . Chemical storage-containment is paramount. However so are the measures and differing types of chemicals, as they present a important Fire jeopardy every daub good as holding a damage consequence on the environment if released? An enclosed system attack could cut down the measures on site ( capital outgo out-lay, nest eggs ) , make instant fiscal inducements. One major jeopardy that needs immediate attending, the vas containers in which the chemicals are stored are unsuitable in type, constructed from Plastic, for our intents we require metal containment storage units as per-manufacture-industry counsel.SOLVENT ISOLATION.Guaranting the chemicals-solvents are contained within a individual designated count ry ( Chemical room ) . Access to the room is non controlled a locked door policy needs to be brought in along with a sign-in-sign-out policy along with measures, ( telling fiscal control ) . Adoption of rigorous control policy will besides cut down the contact exposure to our employees.Where reasonable operable the usage of an enclosed methods should be evaluated. Serious consideration for the usage of an ( LEV ) system for the chemical shop room should be considered. However the fact that the chief workshop country has TWO mechanical extraction fans inoperable, may hold contributed to the historical high exposure degrees as indicated. E.g. An extraction rate for the chemical shop room of 640-915m3/hr per M2 surface working-area is extremely recommended.( PPE Regulations, 1992 ) , Personal Protective Equipment.Merely used as a last resort, the ( COSHH Regulations, 2002 ) ( Fifth Edition ) in con-junction with ( PPE Regulations, 2002 ) lineation that equipment must conform to spec ific demands for its usage. More specific demands outline the usage of ( RPE ) , respiratory protective equipment, ( Organic desiccation Masks ) , if a ( RA ) has indicated the demand. Its usage requires specialist preparation fit trial .METAL WORKING FLUIDS ( MWF WET-WORK )Normally associated with engineering-manufacturing and used as a coolant normally referred to as slurry soup or white H2O . Coolant s can be grouped into 4-classes ( straight oil soluble oil synthetics semi-synthetics ) . Associated health-effects exposure paths aerosol breathing-airway and dermal-contact, local effects.Monitoring and CONTROL STRATEGIES.An ( IOM ) SKC-225-70A, land of Occupational Medicine ( inhalable dust ) sampling station monitoring scheme would be an effectual option for measuring contact exposure. Personal exposure bounce for oil mist 5mg/m-3 8hr ( TWA ) 10mg/m-3 ( STEL ) . The unit can be set-up to mensurate atom affair concentration from 1Agm-3. The units rule map is to pul l a volume of air onto a aggregation substrate-filter, dust mass is collected and is determined by weighing the substrate prior-after sampling. The ( IOM ) unit requires a pump unit with an air-flow rate of 2.0 A 0.1 litre/min across the sampling clip period and has a trying prejudice of less than A5 % to BS EN481 specification. Personal monitoring, the unit is attached to the person at the external respiration zone , the pump is connected by a tubing placed on a harness belt normally the sampling station is placed at the take a breathing zone ( 30cm ) from the oral cavity. Therefore the unit is mounted on the upper-chest, collar-bone country. Unit standardization is required a flow-rate 0.1 litre/min measured against a primary criterion ( bubble flow metre ) as they re readings do non necessitate pressure-temperature standardization, traceable to national criterions ( MDHS14 ) .Personal monitoring the person is equipment with ( IOM ) device at the start of their displacem ent they re instructed to transport out their day-to-day undertaking ( s ) , limited to the usage of ( MWF ) in the preset countries. All breaks non-associated actions other activities are non calculated during the monitoring procedure, nevertheless will be recorded as portion of the exposure computations as ( 0 ) ratings. A full displacement exposure is recorded samples are collected, stray so packed-stored to avoid taint. generally dependent on the Numberss involved with the ( MWF ) procedure, the monitoring will take 4-5 yearss. The ( IOM ) unit uses a cassette trying device which is sealed after usage. A process utilizing gravimetric-chemical analysis for entire inhalable particulates ( TIP ) affecting solvent extraction utilizing hexane and dimethyl sulphoxide followed by analysis utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy ( GC-MS ) under laboratory conditions.CONTROL STRATEGY.Hierarchy of controlThe Elimination of ( MWF ) at this occasion is limited However Substitut ion of high solute-oil content could be considered by utilizing water-mixed fluids, nevertheless if technology controls are applied exposure degrees can be maintained below 5mg/m-3 8hr ( TWA ) 10mg/m-3 ( STEL ) if meet and sufficient processs are implemented/maintained.Technology CONTROLS.The age of the railcar, guarantee that all Planned, Routine, Statutory, care governments are carried out, ( Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations, 1998 ) . The usage of any Enclosures, Local fumes Ventilation ( LEV ) 640-915m-3/hr per m-2 surface working-area, splash guarding must be enforced if fitted. The distance of the operator to the work has an impact. Particular accent on machine oil flow rates ( splash-back ) , air cleaning/drying methods require monitoring. Increasing Fresh-Air and diminishing recirculation of General Ventilation systems. If air-flow is blown onto the machine an person is likely to be exposed to increased degrees of contaminations.Sum fluids, the remotion of swarf-fines from the mixture, debut of filters ( e.g. mesh-drum, or magnetic filter type ) as differing procedures may be carried out on the unit, ( grinding- moulding-milling etc. ) . Evidence shows that the presence of mulcts in mineral oils interferes with the public presentation of a machine and is a factor taking to dermatitis . ( MWF ) suppliers-industry criterions outline taint degrees for swarf-fines over 100 ppm for fluid ( Neat oil ) public presentation is regarded as grossly contaminated.( COSHH, 2002 ) ordinance 7.7 ( a ) agenda 2A lineations regular amount cheques for bacterial-endotoxin taint as portion of a hebdomadal cheque government. An upper bound of 106 CFU/ml is recommended and consideration on unstable direction demands to be implemented. Additives such as ( biocide ) can be used to top-up degrees nevertheless both replenishment-replacement may impact bacteriological water-mix contents and a hebdomadal PH trial should be carried out. Exposure Assessment written document EH74/4 ( MWFs ) ( HSE, 2000 ) , unstable strength if incorrect, ( industries specified tolerances ) has a double consequenceLowered machine public presentation.Increased inhalation-dermal exposure, bacterial-fungal taint.MANAGEMENT CONTORLS.( Personal Protective Equipment Regulations, 1992 ) , Workplace ( Health, Safety and public assistance ) Regulations, ( 1992 )( HSE, 2012 ) Provide 0.4 millimeter nitrile baseball mitts to BS EN 374 criterion. These protect for up to eight hours merely. These baseball mitts are usually thin plenty to supply sleight. Supply thicker baseball mitts to BS EN 374 and BS EN 388 criterions to protect against scratchs and crisp borders when cleaning amounts . Provide oculus protection to BS EN 166 criterion where there is a hazard of sprinkling. Provide overalls and do certain forearms are covered . However there is an entanglement menace, so lowest cautiousness is required when utilizing baseball mitts for machine use. The usage of a Permit to work system is necessary for amount cleansing.Ensure there are suited personal decontamination processs for workers guarantee ( PPE ) has been exhaustively cleaned before farther usage. A rigorous NO oily rags policy ( pockets ) as portion of preparation, supervise methods. The usage of pre-after work enrolment-emulsifier picks as a skin attention government needs to be enforced. The proviso of showers demands to be intercommunicate, particularly anterior to the ingestion nutrient cut pour down taint by consumption.HEALTH SURVEILLANCE STRATEGIESTRICHLOROETHYLENE-TOLUENE & A ( MWF ) .TRICHLOROETHYLENE & A TOLUENEAnnual or periodic medical screening/or biological-biological consequence monitoring. Baseline appraisal needs to be carried out for oculus map skin upsets liver-kidney map cardiovascular-nervous system, respiratory maps including Spirometry trials. This can be done as portion of a new employment government, or when persons are moved in to a new e nvironment or occupation undertaking. Toluene can besides impact hearing, impact vision wile loss with perennial exposure, Toluene is besides toxic for reproduction. Self-checks, developing to recognize marks of illness facets such giddiness, lethargy demand to be reported instantly.A questionnaire turn toing smoking & A imbibing should be distributed the effects-interactions between Trichloroethylene & A Toluene exposure in the workplace and societal confounders should besides be addressed by company wellness professional as an intercession scheme.MWF DERAMAL EXAMINATIONS.Skin scrutinies are preponderantly used to place tegument upsets, ( occupational nurse-hygienist ) . Generally ocular scrutinies of the tegument for dermatitis are carried out, ( Hands, forearms, lower-legs ) but a questionnaire can be used to supplement the procedure. Health-surveillance is usually assessed yearly or every six-months if required. An appropriate control scheme baseline comparing ( within si x hebdomads of employment ) should be carried out.MWF RESPIRATORY CONDITIONS.MWF increases the hazard of developing ( Asthma Bronchitis & A respiratory piece of land ) external respiration issues. Lung map Spirometry trials can be arranged if indicated by a wellness appraisal. An one-year questionnaire on external respiration can be issued, nevertheless rigorous symptoms should be reported ( supervisor, occupational nurse etc. ) . An appropriate control scheme baseline comparing ( within six hebdomads of employment Lung map trial ) . Further controls can be arranged ( e.g. allergy-blood trials, chest X raies, or a more comprehensive Methacholine challenge trial ) . Generally wellness surveillance records are kept for the continuance of the person s employment. However some ordinances ( Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, 1999 ) , ( COSHH, 2002 ) , outline records are kept for up to ( 50 old ages ) .An person may bespeak a transcript of their wellness surveillan ce records if they leave the company, ( informations protection act, 2000 ) . An employer s responsibility of attention does non stop with wellness surveillance, it is non adequate that examinations-questionnaires are issued. Any feedback-data must be analysed and farther appropriate control schemes must be considered and addressed, where necessary employees may hold to be assigned other responsibilities. The positive facets of wellness surveillance may non ever be evident by all. By affecting employees at all phases dispels concerns that any reported symptoms are concealed, but how the programme can be evaluated and improved.APPENDIX 1 EMPLOYEE COMPLAINT SUMMARYCOMPLAINT 1Staff are kicking of giddiness, lassitude and some pocket-sized ocular damage. These symptoms occur when they enter the chemical shop and when they use the dissolvers provided, in the workshop country. The symptoms occur on most yearss.Following treatments with the Occupational Hygienist, it is their sentiment th at the symptoms in the workshop are about certain to originate from exposure to Trichloroethylene vapor in the air although the consequence of Toluene has non been estimated. Historical monitoring records, carried out utilizing index tubings, show that degrees of trichloroethane between 300 to 400 ppm have been identified during the old twelvemonth, although monitoring was stopped due to staff deficits. Management are non nevertheless confident about the truth of these consequences and no measuring of methylbenzene has been attempted.COMPLAINT 2One of the employees has raised concerns sing the possible wellness effects originating from exposures to Metal Working Fluids ( MWF ) at the premises. He has seen on the cyberspace that ( MWF ) can do respiratory and Skin jobs.Carry out Baseline Qualitative Exposure SurveyDo initial exposure studies show that exposure a degree are good below ( OELs ) and is at that place a likeliness that they will stay so? Supply justification-evidence for your reply.Document study and record monitoring findingsDoes the elaborate exposure study show that exposures are good below permitted ( OELs ) degrees?Ensure a to the full validated statistical sampling and appraisal methodological analysis has been employed?Is everyday exposure supervising techniques required?Supply justification-evidence for your reply.Transport out or go onEveryday Exposure Monitoring.Has everyday exposure supervising shown exposures to be above permitted ( OELs ) ? APPENDIX 2 DIRECT EXPOSURE MEASUREMENT SERVEY METHODOLOGY.Make the initial exposure studies indicate that exposure degrees are above or potentially above recommended personal exposure bounds ( OELs ) ?YesNoCarry out a Detailed Quantitative Exposure Survey No or Not CertainDoes the elaborate exposure study show that exposures are above permitted ( OELs ) degrees?Ensure a to the full validated statistical sampling and appraisal methodological analysis has been employed?YesNoYesNo or Not CertainNoYesYes Has everyday exposure supervising shown that exposure degrees are good below OELs and is it likeliness to stay so?Supply justification-evidence for your reply.NoNoIs there a demand or demand to go on routine/periodic exposure monitoring?Supply justification-evidence for your reply. YesYesNoDevelop or amend the Risk Control PlanFeed into Health ( RA ) or reexamine bing controls.Clearly place any Employees exposed by the jeopardies.Identify exposed procedures, tasks-areas where jeopardy exposure could happenInitial Identification of jeopardy ( s ) and their harmful effects to wellness.Baseline COSHH Health ( RA )Review all operating Area processes, including procedure flow by physical review of the Area ( s ) /site.APPENDIX 3 COSHH HEALTH RISK sagacity FLOW CHARTAssess-measure or corroborate the exposure.Analyse the effectivity of bing hazard control steps.Continuous COSHH Health ( RA )Review-Amend if required, or earlier if alterations to procedures or new developments occur or are proposed.Analyse any possible wellness hazard ( s ) of the risky exposure.Prioritize the wellness hazard ( s ) consequently( High, Medium, Low ) .Concept a hazard registry & A set precedences for action.Develop, implement & A monitor a Hazard Control Action Plan orReview current-existing Risk Control Action Plan ( s ) .LOW MEDIUM & A RISKS CRITICAL RISKSContinuous COSHH Health ( RA )Manage as portion of the uninterrupted betterment procedure within the overall COSHH-health hazard action/management system and through bing set ( s ) of control steps, where nowadays.Issues Based or Targeted COSHH ( HRA )Quantitatively assess exposure ( s ) utilizing validated statistical trying techniques and assessment methodological analysis, every bit good as measuring whether proposed or bing control steps are equal and appropriate to command wellness hazard ( s ) to below in agreement criterions e.g. occupational exposure bounds ( OELs ) .Amend bing Risk Control Action Plan, use alternate and/or extra control steps when required.Maintain accurate-detailed and systematic COSHH wellness ( RAs )APPENDIX 4 MWF QUESTIONNAIREDermatitis QuestionnaireQ1 NameQ2 Date of birthQ3 Sex of topicMaleFemaleQ4 Job rubricQ5 Production country ( s ) and machine figureQ6 In the past 12 months have you had any of the following symptoms?No YesRedness & A swelling of custodies or fingersCrack of tegument on custodies or fingerBlisters on custodies or fingersFlaking or grading of tegument on hands/fingersItch of fingers/hands, with clefts or splitsMusca volitanss, inflammation or rising prices of any other portion ofyour organic structure?Q7 Did any of these jobs last for more than three hebdomads?NoYesQ8 Did any of these jobs occur more than one time?NoYesQ9 Does your tegument acquire better with periods off work?NoYesQ10 What are the chief types of oils or coolants that you work with?Q11 Do you use H2O tolerant baseball mitts while managing cutting oils or constituents coveredwith oil?No Go t o Q13YesNot applicable Go to Q13Q12 If yes, do you besides wear like line drive baseball mitts?NoYesQ13 Do you wear barrier picks or other manus attention merchandises?No NameYesQ14 How do you clean your custodies at work and how frequently?Q15 Do you/ hold you of all time suffered from eczema or psoriasis?NoYesTHANKS FOR TAKING TIME TO COMPLETE THIS QUESTIONNAIRE

Blue bouquet Essay

Have you even been in a situation when you be possessed of gone from total innocence to experience in a short period of time? In the short myth The Blue Bouquet scripted by Octavio Paz, the main character starts off by waking up from a nap and going on a walk even by and by being warned non to by the owner of the boardinghouse. Whilst out the star gets stopped in the middle of the night by another man with a tongue who wanted something very unusual.It wasnt money or jewelry it was the mans eyes. The stranger said his girlfriend wanted a bouquet of toothsome eyes for herself, but the innocent man didnt have blue eyes, which the stranger soon found out and let the man go. After that night, the protagonist left the very next morning. This story illustrates how fast things can change and how you can go from very innocent to experienced in as sm either-minded as an hour. Octavio Pazs short story demonstrates that experiences are so important because we gain knowledge and learn from them, resulting in soften judgment for similar situations in the future.Experiences are things that we come across and that changes us from the person we once were. It could be good or bad, we have no control over it. In this story the man goes from being safe in his town to being horrified by what he has experienced. At the start of the story that he feels safe I went to the little window and inhaled the country air page 163. He also shows his innocence on page 163, A gray winged womanise, dazzled, circled the yellow light.The butterfly symbolises the innocence he once had, before everything happened. But when he left, the lack of experience appeared again. The boardinghouse owner had only one eye and told the man not to venture out in the darkness. Without really paying attention he plunged into the dark anyway. This detail of information by the author foreshadows the things that could happen to the protagonist afterwards on in the story. But its not only how you experience th ings, its what you gain from them.When someone experiences something, it doesnt just disappear and we forget active it. You always gain something it could be psychological or physical. In this case he gains something psychological knowledge. I went in without saying a word. The next daylight I left town, page 165. This shows thatbecause he went from not knowing anything about the town to being very experienced, the protagonist has gained the knowledge not to go back there again for his own sake.When someone experiences something bad, the natural reaction is to avoid doing it again. Experiences show us the outcome in an event, resulting in us having better choices in the future. For example if you fail a test, usually people want to know what type of questions they got wrong so it doesnt happen again on a final exam. In this short story, Octavio Paz demonstrates that the protagonist has already learned from his mistake and to act accordingly in this case the man leaves the town.So to leave off this short story emphasises the importance of experiences, how you react and learn from them, which results in sharpened choices and judgement in the future. People can relate to this short story because we all go through experiences which shape us as individuals. We cant help but embrace experiences because good or bad we take something apart from it that makes us better/stronger individuals. These types of literature show us these concepts in a presentation we can relate to.

The Enemy Within

Juan Conde Professor Muniz 19 November 2012 English 67 The Enemy Within Throughout life e really genius is forced to face their own worst enemy and will have a lot of trouble confronting and dealing with them that worst enemy will al agencys be themselves. This enemy brings many problems and inner conflicts that are effortful to solve. Everyone has their own way of coping with these problems, some to a greater extent critical than early(a)s. In the book Drugstore Cowboy, by James Fogle, the main character docking facility deals with this duality in different was throughout the book and his two sides are very easily differentiated.Throughout the book cork is faced with tall(prenominal) decisions and has the choice of either cosmos that humane and care man or the cruel and manipulative man that he can be. As he is making these decisions chase after has to not provided think of the situation hardly also make sure that his crew is safe or if he needs to use them. Bob is a very complex individual with two conflicting sides to him, one that is used to show his humane and caring nature and the other is used to intimidate or manage batch. Deep down, Bob is a caring and humane man.He protects his crew with his life he puts himself on the line for his crew and for the people he cares about care his mother and Diane. This side of Bob is made very clear when he visits his mother and shows her nothing save respect and he even shows some obscureness when speaking to her. When Bobs mom exclaims that Bob is a thief he replies, Jesus, Mama, when have I ever stole anything from your house? Name me one thing I ever took from you without telling you? Just name me one thing? (Fogle58). The way he replies and speaks to his mother shows that he has the outmost respect for her, his way of talking to his mother shows humility.When speaking with his mother he al slipway calls her mama or mom he never called her by her first name or by anything else. Bob also shows a lot of submissiveness when he is with his mom, it seems like he still feels like a little kid when he dialog or confronts her. Bob would do anything for his wife, Diane. Bob loved Diane when he first met her he felt like she wasnt like other woman. Bob took Diane cross-roading but had the intentions of stealing her car, instead he fell for her. Fogle comes to explain how Bob felt about Diane, Bob loved Diane body and soul by then.Even narcotics had never brought him the delight and satisfaction that Diane did back then (166). It seems like Bob is truly a caring and humane person because of how he felt and still feels about Diane. Bob seems to put Diane before himself subconsciously he might not want people to see how much he really cares about her but indistinct down she means everything to him, he will defend her as much as he can. It also seems that Bob barely wants to keep Diane happy but he thinks that the only way he can do that is with narcotics.Bob seems to always try to hid e how he feels about the people close to him because he is frightened that something might happen to them and he just wants them to be safe and out of harms way he is truly a caring and safety-related individual. On the other hand Bob can also be a very maniacal and manipulative, he can even seem merciless and cruel he uses any means necessary to obtain what he is after, he finds a way to assure and control people to make his plans go how he wants. Bob will use people to control a situation to go in his favor without any resentment about what happens to the other people.Bob show his manipulative side when he told his crew I just wrote the narcos and anonymously told them that the reason they could never catch Bob Hughes for possession of narcotics was that he had an line of battle with the guy that lived on the north side of him(Fogle 82). Bob doesnt seem to have any problem using people to hold out what he wants he doesnt seem to have a conscience. Most of Bobs actions show h ow he is a manipulative man, he uses people in revisal achieve what he wants. Bob would go through any means necessary in order to get whatever he wants.Through Bobs actions it seems that he is nothing but a selfish man that only cares about what he will receive from the situation. It seems that Bob only wants to do only what he will benefit from he doesnt seem to care about anything or anyone else. Bob is also cruel and inhumane towards his own crew. When Bob walks into the room after an attempt to get drugs he sees Nadines dead body and a hat on the bed he then pays more attention and is more worried about having a hat on the bed than Nadine being dead. After seeing Rick balling and crying over her Bob shook his head in disgust. She beat you, man.Your own woman beat you out of part of your own cut on a score. She got what she deserves (Fogle 134). This shows how Bob not only doesnt care about what happened to her, but also he has been desensitized to death, he only cares about th e fact that she wasted the drugs and left them with the burden of having to get rid of a dead body. Bob only sees that because he feels like she cheated them out of the drugs and they cant do anything about it. Bob also seems to contradict this way because of how Nadine has acted in the past, she would complain a lot and always wanted more than she could handle.Throughout the book Bob shows that he can and will use and manipulate people into doing what he wants so that he gets what he wants and whatever it is he has been working for. In both scenes Bob shows how he can get into peoples heads and make sure that they do whatever he wants them to do to achieve whatever he wants. Life is full of nothing but conflicts and difficult situations and everyone has their own way of dealing with them. Throughout the book, Drugstore Cowboy, Bob is put through versatile difficult situations which he handles in one of two ways being a humane and caring man or being a manipulative and maniacal ma n.Bob is depicted as both a caring and maniacal man in the sense that he cares a lot about his crew but also if the situation calls for it he will not care at all for them. Bob will manipulate anyone who gets in his way of obtaining what he wants, but he cares for those close to him but will sometimes even use them in order to get what he wants. Bob has a very complex way of living and thinking and it is showed in various ways throughout the book. Work Cited Fogle, James. Drugstore Cowboy. New York Dell Publishing, 1990. Print.

Were the French Right to Execute Their King

Were the cut Revolutionaries Right To Execute Their King? Over the years since the execution of Louis sixteenth there give up been several different discussions as to whether it was right for the French revolutionaries to execute their king. in that respect ar a number of reasons to lead people to think that it was right that Louis 16th was beheaded by the blood stained blade of the guillotine. The defendants of the revolutionaries state that Louis 16th was a horrific traitor to the majority of his people. The first was that he believed in feudalism, bondage and all sorts of things that were genuinely satanic. The French Revolution saw peasants in the leash estate rebel against an extremely corrupt tax system that caused millions of deaths and years of famine. French society was organised into three estates. The first two estates (church and nobility) enjoyed great privileges. The third estate, which had no privileges had to pay all the taxes. This system was called The Ancient Regime. The third estate consisted of ninety six percent of the population and the remaining four percent were the first and second estates. In 1700s the cost of living was rising fast but take remained low.This, along with the corrupt tax system plunged the third estate deep into a huge economic crisis which left them fighting over scraps of food. in that respect were also new ideas spreading in 1700s. For example the American Declaration of Independence in 1776 included ideas such as all people are born equal, people have rights and the government should govern in the interests of the people. None of these were happening in France. Lastly, King Louis spent a lot of the money that he had collected from the third estate on luxuries.On the other hand, there are people with contrasting views who believe that the French king should not have been executed. There first and most important argument is that Louis did ask the first and second estates to pay taxes but they refused. As a r esult it was not his fault that the third estate was charged heavy taxes and subsequently not his fault that the first and second estates were not taxed. Another argument is that the French government was in a great amount of debt (mainly because of the wars in Canada). As a result Louis had no other choice but to raise taxes.Also, Louis was not the person responsible for pass a lot of the money, his wife Marie Antoinette was. She splashed money on numerous extremely expensive items such necklaces, rings and several other items. In conclusion, I think that the French revolutionists were right to execute their king mainly because Louis taxed the extremely poor but did not tax the rich. This was exceptionally cruel and corrupt. Also, the king let his wife, Marie Antoinette spend lots of money that was collected from tax that should have gone towards the French government and the overall maintenance of the country.

Four Basic Ways a Divisionally Structured Firm Could

There are four basic bearings a divisionally structured profligate could be organized. What are these four ways? Give an example of each. The four basic ways a divisionally structured firm could be organized are 1) by geographic area. An example of this would be whatever organization with similar branch facilities located in widely dispersed areas 2) by product or service. Huffy is an example of divisional structure by product 3) by customer. Book publishing companies a good deal organize their activities around customer groups as college, secondary schools and private commercial schools and 4) by process.An example of this is a manufacturing business organized into six divisions electrical work, glass cutting, welding, grinding, painting and foundry work. Each division would be responsible for generating revenues and profits. Compare and contrast restructuring and reengineering. Restructuring involves reducing the size of the firm in terms of crook of employees, number of divis ions or units and number of hierarchical levels in the firms organizational structure. Restructuring is concerned primarily with shareholder well-being rather than employee well-being.In contrast, reengineering is concerned more with employee and customer well-being than shareholder well-being. Reengineering involves reconfiguring or redesigning work, jobs and processes for the purpose of upward(a) cost, quality, service and speed. Whereas restructuring is concerned with eliminating or establishing, shrinking or enlarging, and moving organizational departments and divisions, the focus of reengineering is changing the way work is actually carried out. Reengineering is characterized by many tactical decisions, whereas restructuring is characterized by strategic decisions.

Management accounting questions

finding makers be variably constrained by the environmental factors, their education, and mental ability. Besides these, decision makers may be constrained by the deficiencies in the information that Is available to them. Required E repulseate this statement with reference to study deficiency with regard to Information timeliness, Information accuracy and clarity, Information relevance, and Information aggregation levels.Cite examples to support your points dummy up Ltd is a manufacturer of a fertilizer product which is packed in 50 keg bags. The chase report for category ended 31st December 2013 based on account analysis sort is availed to you Manufacturing cost Account Nature or Classification Amount in This 000 Direct Materials All variable star 360,000 Direct Labor 200,000 Overhead costs electricity and water 60% variable 60,000 Managerial salaries 20% variable 1 o,oho Maintenance costs variable Depreciation 0% variable Indirect labor 50% variable 120,000Non manufacturing costs Accounts Administration expenses Marketing expenses 40% variable Depreciation costs 80,000 During the year 2013, Jam Ltd produced 80,000 bags. Management is forecasting sales price for the year 2014 based on 2013 cost data. The succeeding(a) additional data is available for the year 2014 compared to the data for the year 2013 1 . Price for direct materials are expected to increase by 10% 2. Under the terms of labor contract, both direct and validatory labor rates are expected to increase by 0% 3. All depreciation costs are expected to increase by 10% 4.Administration and marketing expenses to increase by 20% 5. Electricity and water, maintenance costs and managerial salaries are not expected to change 6. Jam Ltd expects to produce and betray 96,000 bags of fertilizer in the year 2014 Required (I) Estimates price per kilo of fertilizer in the year 2014 if thoroughgoing(a) profit margin of 201% is targeted (it) Outline advantages and limitations of cost based pricing techni que ) For the year 2014 the following intercommunicate company data is made available to you for planning purpose 1.Estimated manufacturing costs when production level is 190,000 units is ameliorate costs This 180,500,000 and per unit variable costs This 2,800. This cost behavior is maintained at all levels 2. The yearbook fixed advertising costs of This 190,000,000 and per unit uniform marketing costs of This 800 at all levels 3. A market survey carried out shows that for a change in privet

Cultural Approach Towards Brandsing by Starbucks

Study of cultural woo taken by Starbucks to branding in world(a) marketplace ABSTRACT _The international trade promises to solve managerial problems using technical and universalizing onrush. Ethnocentric approach to branding is been adopted by the researchers. As the international market develops this seems to be problematic. Thus it is important that almost key premises and foundation needs to be revised. The branding research needs to be historically and contextually grounded, polycentric in orientation, and acutely attuned to the symbolic significance of brands of all types. INTRODUCTION Brands are going everywhere in the global popular market. The Nike tick mark, the Coco-Cola symbol or McDonalds M triggers tens and hundreds of responses. Brands are meet integral part of our culture thus there is a great need for international marketing scholars to change with the changing global market condition and in any case contribute to the public dissonance of branding practices. The theory and tools available are not sufficient to analyze the complexity of globalization and the brands role in it.The international marketing still does not suggest the appropriate theoretical and methodological challenges brought by globalization, and also in branding. AIM Study of cultural approach taken by Starbucks to branding in global marketplace. OBJECTIVE Theoretical and methodological blueprint for studying the cultural role of Starbucks in global market. literature REVIEW 1. A* Cultural Approach to Branding in the Global Marketplace*. Review cogitate Questions Premises What cultural differences (national, regional) do branding strategies embed? How have different branding concepts and theories emerged and for what purposes?Analytical approach How do traditional brand landscapes affect globalized brands? How do brands at different geographical scales interact in market space? What kinds of mythic elements make for good brand stories? Can we predict the emergence of antibrands (e. g. , Mecca Cola, sensible trade)? Units of analysis How do brands globalize? To what degree do various brand architectures translate across cultures? Is it achievable to develop an archive of commercially compelling narrative elements? Review The Starbucks Brandscape and Consumers (Anti-corporate) Experiences of Globalization Review Significance of look intoHelp Starbucks understand the cultural effect on globalization. Help Starbucks to adopt appropriate strategy depending on the cultural aspects and consumer behavior geographically. Data collection Journals from Internet. Personal visit to Starbucks. Interview with the staff and manager of Starbucks. BIBLOGRAPHY Burgess, Steven M. and Jan-Benedict E. M. Steenkamp (2006), marketing Renaissance How Research in Emerging Consumer Markets Advances Marketing, 23 (4), 33756. Aaker, Jennifer and Patti Williams (1998), Empathy Versus Pride The Research, 25 (December), 24161.

Lufthansa: to Hedge or Not to Hedge

LUFTHANSA TO HEDGE OR NOT TO HEDGE 1. If the DM/US$ convert score were 2. 4DM/US$ in January 1986, what would be the al adept in terms of the aircraft obtain on a lower floor each pick? What would be the all in all in damage of the aircraft purchase under each alternative if the exchange pose were 3. 4DM/US$? Consider both richly hedge the apostrophize and hedging provided adept half of the live (why may you only take to hedge develop of the purchase m 1tary value? ). 1. Do nothing and wait and see what the exchange stray is want in January 1986. 500,000,000 USD x 2. 4DM/USD = 1,200,000,000 DMThe toll of the aircraft purchase pull up stakes be 1200 cardinal DM. 2. top of the inning the purchase bell using forward contracts. If the company use forward contracts they begin the obligation to perform, i. e. they have to buy the add up they have agreed upon in one twelvemonth for the forward rate of 3. 20 DM/USD. If they in full hedging the address the all i n cost of the aircraft purchase bequeath be 500,000,000 USD x 3. 2DM/USD = 1,600,000,000 DM The cost of the aircraft purchase depart be 1600 million DM. If they consider to hedging exactly one half of the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be (250,000,000 USD x 2. DM/USD) + (250,000,000 USD x 3. 2DM/USD) = 1,400,000,000 DM The cost of the aircraft purchase will be 1400 million DM. 3. Cover the cost using foreign notes put excerpts A put option gives Lufthansa the right to sell the DM at 3. 20 DM/USD in one social class. Even if they dont exercise the option they have to pay the 6 % premium. The DM has holdd in relation to the USD and the put option is and then out-of-the coin and Lufthansa will not use the option. But they will have to pay for the premium. If they fully hedging the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be 500,000,000 x 3. DM/USD x 0. 06 = 96,000,000 DM 500,000,000 USD x 2. 4DM/USD + 96,000,000 DM = 1,496,000,000 DM The cost of t he aircraft purchase will be 1496 million DM. If they choose to hedging exactly one half of the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be 250,000,000 x 3. 2DM/USD x 0. 06 = 48,000,000 DM 500,000,000 USD x 2. 4DM/USD + 48,000,000 DM =1,448,000,000 DM The cost of the aircraft purchase will be 1448 million DM 4. Borrow DM to buy USD dollars today and invest them for one year In this strategy Lufthansa lock in the price at todays spot exchange rate.They could repay the loan using the funds to be available for the purchase in one year. In January 1985 the spot exchange rate was 3. 17 DM/USD, the Euro bills U. S. dollar one year cheer rate was 9. 5625 percent and the Eurocurrency one year deutschmark interest rate was 6. 3125 percent. If they fully hedging the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be Borrow DM to buy 500 million USD today and invest them for one year. 500,000,000 USD/1. 095625 ? 456,360,525 USD 456,360,525 USD x 3. 17 = 1,446,662,864 DM Interest rate on the money in the end of the year 1,446,662,864 DM x 1. 63125 = 1,537,983,458 DM make sense all in cost of the aircraft purchase 1,537,983,458 DM. If they choose to hedging exactly one half of the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be Borrow DM to buy 250 million USD today and invest them for one year. 250,000,000 USD/1. 095625 ? 228,180,262 USD 228,180,262 USD x 3. 17 ? 723,331,431 DM Interest rate on the money in the end of the year 723,331,431 DM x 1. 063125 = 768,991,728 DM Cost of the aircraft purchase 250,000,000 USD x 2. 4 DM/USD + 768,991,728 = 1,368,991,728 DM Total all in cost of the aircraft purchase 1,368,991,728 DM.What would be the all in cost of the aircraft purchase under each alternative if the exchange rate were 3. 4DM/US$? Consider both fully hedging the cost and hedging exactly one half of the cost (why may you only want to hedge part of the purchase price? ) 1. Do nothing and wait and see what the exchange rate is like in January 1986. 5 00,000,000 USD x 3. 4DM/USD = 1,700,000,000 DM The cost of the aircraft purchase will be 1700 million DM. 2. Cover the purchase price using forward contracts. If the company use forward contracts they have the obligation to perform, i. e. hey have to buy the amount they have agreed upon in one year for the forward rate of 3. 20 DM/USD. If they fully hedging the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be 500,000,000 USD x 3. 2DM/USD = 1,600,000,000 DM The cost of the aircraft purchase will be 1600 million DM. If they choose to hedging exactly one half of the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be (250,000,000 USD x 3. 4DM/USD) + (250,000,000 USD x 3. 2DM/USD) = 1,650,000,000 DM The cost of the aircraft purchase will be 1650 million DM. 3. Cover the cost using foreign currency put optionsA put option gives Lufthansa the right to sell the DM at 3. 20 DM/USD in one year. Even if they dont exercise the option they have to pay the 6 % premium. The DM has deprecia ted in relation to the USD and therefore the option is in-the-money and Lufthansa will use the option. If they fully hedging the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be 500,000,000 USD x 3. 2 DM/USD x 1. 06 = 1696,000,000 DM The cost of the aircraft purchase will be 1696 million DM. If they choose to hedging exactly one half of the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be (250,000,000 USD x 3. DM/USD) + (250,000,000 USD x 3. 2DM/USD x 1. 06) = 1,698,000,000 DM The cost of the aircraft purchase will be 1698 million DM. 4. Borrow DM to buy USD dollars today and invest them for one year In this strategy Lufthansa lock in the price at todays spot exchange rate. They could repay the loan using the funds to be available for the purchase in one year. In January 1985 the spot exchange rate was 3. 17 DM/USD, the Eurocurrency U. S. dollar one year interest rate was 9. 5625 percent and the Eurocurrency one year deutschmark interest rate was 6. 3125 percent.If they fu lly hedging the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be Borrow DM to buy 500 million USD today and invest them for one year. 500,000,000 USD/1. 095625 ? 456,360,525 USD 456,360,525 USD x 3. 17 = 1,446,662,864 DM Interest rate on the money in the end of the year 1,446,662,864 DM x 1. 063125 = 1,537,983,458 DM Total all in cost of the aircraft purchase 1,537,983,458 DM. If they choose to hedging exactly one half of the cost the all in cost of the aircraft purchase will be Borrow DM to buy 250 million USD today and invest them for one year. 250,000,000 USD/1. 095625 ? 228,180,262 USD 28,180,262 USD x 3. 17 ? 723,331,431 DM Interest rate on the money in the end of the year 723,331,431 DM x 1. 063125 = 768,991,728 DM Cost of the aircraft purchase 250,000,000 USD x 2. 4 DM/USD + 768,991,728 = 1,368,991,728 DM Total all in cost of the aircraft purchase 1,368,991,728 DM. 2. Which alternative would you choose and why? I would not choose the first alternative and leave the amoun t unhedged since an appreciate of the USD against DM could change the all in cost rapidly and hence the profit. It is important to design the hedging policy based on the belief about future circumstances.If Lufthansa really believes that the exchange rate will move in a profitable they could profit by leaving the amount unhedged. But it seat be hard to predict future exchange rates and that is why a lot of companies choose to drive safe by ensuring their future financial situation through hedging. If Lufthansa would hedge all its currency risk they similarly take a risk and that is why I would choose to hedge only a part of the currency risk. Another aspect is that creditors might not like that Lufthansa is unhedged and they might also receive better interest rates if they are hedged. But of this we do not know.Lufthansa cant borrow any more money so we can start with excluding the forth option, i. e. the money commercialise hedge. The put option provides the lowest all in cost if exercised but at the same it also provides the highest cost when not exercised. I know from a lecture that options were commonly used by airlines initiatory to hedge against fuel prices but that they have become quiet expansive so that, at least Southwest Airlines, now days use collars instead. The money market hedge works exactly like a forward hedge and I think we have narrowed the alternatives down to the forward hedge.

Impact of the Light Bulb and Cell Phone on Society Essay

When one reflects on the past century, it is astonishing how much applied science has evolved in every sense. From light incandescent lamps that lasted only ten hours, to bulbs that can now last over ten mebibyte hours. From a simple cellular phone only capable of making phone calls, to nows smartphones that have effectively changed the way we interact with one an early(a). Although at that place will always be opponents of technology, there is no denying that is has verificatoryly impacted modern society, and the way we live, spring, and communicate.Thomas Alva EdisonIn directlys society, when a light bulb goes out, we think nothing of it. It is easy to drive to the closest store, purchase the appropriate bulb for next to nothing, and replace the burnt out bulb. What hoi polloi dont realize, however, atomic number 18 the painstaking hours of work and dedication that Thomas Edison devoted to this magical wonder, and the impact that it has had on society today. In order to amply understand and appreciate this marvel, it is necessary to go back in time and relive the invention for yourself. In Chapter 1 of beyond Engineering, Robert kitty-cat employs you back to the beginning, back to the time when if throng wanted light aft(prenominal) the sun went down, they still performed the age-old ritual they lit a fire. Outdoors, it might be a timber fire indoors, a candle or kerosene lamps.Before Edisons invention transformed society, the legal age of people were cast in the dark when the sun went down. Although candles and kerosene lamps were an option, they were not only dim, but likewise a potential safety hazard. They were also unable to provide the reliable source of light that todays lamps produce. Even though a few warehouses and factories had arc lighting installed, this technology was far excessively expensive and unattainable for the average household.It goes without saying that the light bulb itself was nothing special. Without all the addi tional technology and developments that followed, such as power stations, transformers, electrical wiring, and so on, its impact on society would have been minimal. It is incontrovertible, however, that the electrical technology that has emerged thanks to the light bulb, has impacted and transformed society beyond recognition. Without these developments, modern society would still be in the dark. We would not have the privilege of travel that we take for granted today, thanks to vehicle headlights, aircraft lighting, streetlamps, etc. We would never have developed the modern workforce that our society benefits from today, thanks to twenty-four hour lighting, and the coeval conveniences that we enjoy today. Not to mention the ability to enjoy our homes any time of day, not entirely when the sun is shining. Without the progress that followed the light bulb, we would not have access to todays amenities that we take for granted, such as electric stoves, microwaves, movie theatres, n ight life and computers, to name only a few. though it is doubtful that Thomas Edison ever dreamed that his invention would alter life for millions of people to come, it is indisputable that it rightfully has.Cellular DevicesThe cellular telephone is an excellent example of a device that has evolved from a simple, uncommon product, in to a complex multi-billion dollar industry. From a product that began as an expensive toy, only attainable by the close privileged members of First World society, to an invaluable device used by the majority of people worldwide. If you were to return to the point of origin, when the cell phone was first created, you would certainly never be able to bring in to its legitimate manufacturer the technological evolution that has brought cellular technology to the point its at today. When fluid telephones were first invented, they were a modest, bulky device with only one purpose- to take away and receive phone calls from anywhere not at all similar t o the sleek, complicated models we use today. It is not difficult to realize the wonderful changes the cellular phone has undertaken since the first model was released.Although the cell phones of the past certainly had an assortment of parts and pieces to make it work, it pales in comparison to the vast, complex array of parts that are needed today to make a smartphone function. Similar to the complexities of the Boeing 747 super jet, No single person can comprehend the entire kit and caboodle of a cell phone. The cell phone found in the pocket of the majority of citizens of the world today include GPS, Wi-Fi, 3G or 4G networks, LTE, high-resolution cameras and millions of downloadable user-made applications to choose from. In fewer than 30 years, the cell phone went from a exalted device only attainable by the wealthiest of the population, to a device that a large pct of the population now owns. Whether on the streets of downtown Toronto, or a small village in wiped out(p) East Africa, it is becoming increasingly rare to find a person who does not own a sprightly device.Similar to the light bulb, the cell phone began as a modest product with a modest purpose, and underwent multiple, complex revisions to result in the current models manufactured today. If one examines the cell phones impact on our culture, it is evident that it has had both a positive and a negative impact on society. Without a doubt, the largest positive impact has been its ability to make day-to-day life less complicated, and ultimately, easier. Among a everlasting list of examples are the ability to set reminders for appointments, meetings and important dates, an endless array of how-to and do-it-yourself applications to save currency on professional services, internet access from anywhere, instant access to bank, email and home security accounts, etc. Mobile technology has also made it easier to stay in touch with loved ones around the world. Deployed force are able to communicate with their families at home via Skype, international businesses can hold meetings with coworkers on the other side of the world via videoconference, and parents are able to communicate with their children anytime, from anywhere.It is easily debatable that the positive impact cellular phones have had on society far outweigh the negative, however, it is not realistic to maintain that there has been no negative bearing at all. Aside from the physical danger associated with our near-obsession with our cell phones, such as texting and driving, the most easily identifiable negative effect is the noticeable decrease in personal, human interaction. It is not an extravaganza to say that the vast majority of todays generation spend a large lot of their time on their cell phones.Whether in a restaurant, a classroom, public transportation, or the movie theatre, you are most likely surrounded by the bright light originating from someones phone screen. It is rare to walk down a public street, o r through a shopping centre, without seeing people walking, texting, chatting or surfing online all at the same time, regardless of their surroundings. The intimate, social relationships between friends seems to have suffered as a result of societys need to constantly feel plugged in to our mobile devices.ConclusionWithout a doubt, technology will continue to adapt and evolve, as will our attitudes towards it. What seems futuristic and radical today, will one day be taken for granted by our descendants. Just like the original inventors of the light bulb and cellular telephone, the inventors and manufacturers of today can only scarcely begin to imagine the dissimilar evolutions and modifications that their current products will undertake in the near-future. Though it is impossible to predict the inventions, creations and ideas to come, it is irrefutable that the impacts, both positive and negative, on society and the worldwide population as a whole, will be substantial.Bibliography 1) Chapter 1, History and Momentum, Beyond Engineering, How Society Shapes Technology, Robert Pool2) Chapter 4, Complexity, Beyond Engineering, How Society Shapes Technology, Robert Pool 1 . Chapter 1, History and Momentum, Beyond Engineering, How Society Shapes Technology, Robert Pool 2 . Chapter 4, Complexity, Beyond Engineering, How Society Shapes Technology, Robert Pool